![]() ![]() In this respect, substituting the fractional Ni atoms in LiNiO 2 with other metallic elements, Ni-rich layered oxide materials (LiNi xM yO 2, M = Co, Mn, Al, x + y = 1 and x ≥ 0.6) will be more stable than pristine LiNiO 2 ( ChongYoon et al., 2015 Manthiram et al., 2017 Li et al., 2018 Ryu et al., 2018 Zhang et al., 2019c). Unfortunately, due to the large cation mixing degree during synthesis (preparing stoichiometry LiNiO 2 is actually difficult) and extreme air sensitivity, the practical application of LiNiO 2 is very challenging ( Liu et al., 2007 Manthiram et al., 2016 Das et al., 2017). However, it possesses a larger energy density and costs less ( Ohzuku et al., 1993 Deng et al., 2019 Mu et al., 2020). By substituting cobalt (Co) with nickel (Ni), LiNiO 2 has a similar layered crystal structure to LiCoO 2. Finally, the feasible solutions and future prospects on how to reduce or even eliminate residual lithium compounds are proposed.Īlthough LiCoO 2 is one of the earliest successfully commercialized cathode materials, with a low energy density, high cost and toxicity, it is not suitable to be applied as a power battery material ( Lu et al., 2019 Xian et al., 2020 Cheng et al. Moreover, the negative effects of residual lithium compounds on storage performance, processing performance and electrochemical performance are discussed in detail. This review focuses on the origin and evolution of residual lithium compounds. More seriously, the residual lithium compounds increase the cell polarization, as well as aggravate battery swelling during long-term cycling. Consequently, Ni-rich layered oxides often have inferior storage and processing performance. LiOH and Li 2CO 3) on the surface, subsequently engendering the detrimental subsurface phase transformation. Owing to the high sensitivity to moisture and CO 2 in ambient air, the Ni-rich layered oxides are prone to form residual lithium compounds (e.g. In this respect, surface impurities are mainly derived from excessive Li addition to reduce the Li/Ni mixing degree and to compensate for the Li volatilization during sintering. However, the notorious surface impurities and high air sensitivity of Ni-rich layered oxides remain great challenges for its large-scale application. Ni-rich layered transition-metal oxides with high specific capacity and energy density are regarded as one of the most promising cathode materials for next generation lithium-ion batteries. 8State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.7Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.6Department of Cell Research and Development, Farasis Energy Inc., Hayward, CA, United States.4SolaXPower Network Technology (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China.3Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China.2Zhejiang Meidu Hitrans Lithium Battery Technology Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, China.1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.Anqi Chen 1, Kun Wang 1, Jiaojiao Li 1, Qinzhong Mao 2, Zhen Xiao 3, Dongmin Zhu 4, Guoguang Wang 5, Peng Liao 6, Jiarui He 7*, Ya You 8* and Yang Xia 1* ![]()
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